基于复杂网络的名老中医治疗肺癌用药规律研究＊

目的 研究名老中医治疗肺癌的临床病案数据，探索运用复杂网络模型发现病机与中医用药规律。方法 基于1090条包含病机、处方的肺癌病案有效诊疗数据，采用复杂网络分析方法，兼顾方剂和中药属性信息，构建中药带权网络，依据节点重要性挖掘核心病机的核心中药。结果 针对气阴两虚、痰瘀郁肺、癌毒走注、痰瘀郁毒、热毒痰瘀阻肺以及热毒痰瘀互结六个病机，在包含401个中药节点的中药带权网络范围内找出各自对应的核心药物。结论 复杂网络模型可以直观展示病机与药物间的联系，为进一步深化中医对肺癌的理论认识，传承名老中医临床经验提供基础。     

任顺平治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎用药规律

目的:总结任顺平教授治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG)的用药特色及规律。方法:选取2017年8月至2018年10月在山西中医药大学附属医院任顺平专家门诊就诊的CAG患者70例,共计76张处方,使用81味中药,涉及17种中药类别,总计用药1282频次,使用频数法分析其临床使用的药物和功效类别。结果:70例患者共用药物81种,其频数统计提示,使用频数位于前10位的中药由高到低依次是党参、白术、茯苓、柴胡、陈皮、姜半夏、紫苏梗、丹参、黄芩、神曲。高频药物功效归类分析由多到少依次为健脾化湿药、疏肝理气药、消食通降药、活血化瘀药、清热药等。结论:任顺平教授辨治慢性萎缩性胃炎以益气健脾化湿、疏肝和胃降逆、活血化瘀清热等为治疗大法,高频药物由多到少依次为健脾化湿药、疏肝理气药、消食通降药、活血化瘀药、清热药等,并随证酌情加用消食药、温中药、收敛药等。     

基于文献分析多囊卵巢综合征的中医证型分布及用药规律

目的:通过文献探析中医治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的证型分布及临床用药规律。方法:检索2003年至2018年1月1日中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方、维普3个中文数据库中相关中医治疗PCOS的临床研究文献,建立中医治疗PCOS的整体证型及临床用药数据库,并对数据进行处理、分析。结果:①共纳入符合标准的文献252篇,方剂284首;②涉及证型共37种,其中常见证型为肾虚血瘀证、痰湿证、肾虚痰瘀证,共占43.31%;③涉及病位要素以肾为主,其次为肝、脾;涉及病性要素以血瘀、痰、湿为主;④涉及药物193味,按功效共分为16类,补虚药占41.44%,活血化瘀药占16.20%,化痰祛湿药占14.90%;⑤中医治疗PCOS药性以温、平为主,药味以甘为主,辛、苦次之。结论:PCOS病因病机复杂,以肾虚为本,血瘀、痰湿为标,治疗以补肾活血、化湿祛痰为主。     

Polypharmacy among patients with multiple sclerosis: a qualitative systematic review

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The consequences of polypharmacy (intake of ≥ 5 drugs) are diverse, including drug interactions, rising costs and side effects. Risk groups for polypharmacy are multimorbid and chronically ill people, such as patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is the most common neuroimmunological disease in young adults worldwide. We aimed to provide a systematic overview of the current research status regarding frequency and predictors of polypharmacy in MS patients.

Methods: A systematic literature search in the databases PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. English and German original research articles were included.

Results: Seven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria of this review, while the research objectives and methods were very heterogenous. The polypharmacy rates in these studies ranged from 15% to 59%. Polypharmacy correlated with comorbidities, increased disability, cognitive deficits, increased hospitalization, higher relapse rate and lower quality of life.

Conclusions: In MS patients, polypharmacy is common and closely associated with health issues. There is a great need for research in this area, especially regarding longitudinal changes in drug utilization. Effective networks between physicians and pharmacists are needed to optimize medication management for patients and to achieve the best possible therapy results.